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Title: | Measuring Relational Wellbeing: Construct Validity in Pre-COVID-Era UK; Generalizability across COVID-Lockdown-Era India, Greece, and UK |
Authors: | Gaines, SI Otermans, P Spanoudaki, M Aditya, D Chirenda, N |
Keywords: | relational wellbeing;exploratory factor analyses;India;Greece;United Kingdom;confirmatory factor analysis;analysis of variance (ANOVA);COVID;Gaines, Jr., Otermans, Spanoudaki, Aditya and Chirenda |
Issue Date: | 2024 |
Publisher: | Frontiers Media |
Citation: | Gaines, S.O. et al. (2024) 'Measuring Relational Wellbeing: Construct Validity in Pre-COVID-Era UK; Generalizability across COVID-Lockdown-Era India, Greece, and UK', Frontiers in Psychology, 15 (provisionally accepted, in press), pp. 1 - [60]. |
Abstract: | Aim of the studies: In the present studies, we examine the construct validity and criterion-related validity of a previously unpublished, eight-item measure of relational wellbeing. Method used: First, in two pre-COVID-Era pilot studies within the UK (n’s = 207 and 146, respectively), results of exploratory factor analyses revealed that – with the possible exception of one item regarding close relationships – the items assessed individual differences along a single dimension (i.e., relational wellbeing), rather than two distinct dimensions (i.e., social connections and close relationships). Second, in an initial pre-COVID-Era main study within the UK (n = 192), results of confirmatory factor analyses provided support for the hypothesized one-dimensional factor pattern, although the same problematic item from the pilot studies continued to under-perform relative to the other seven items. Findings: In a subsequent COVID-Lockdown-Era main study across India (n = 205), Greece (n = 354), and the UK (n = 390), results of confirmatory factor analyses established that – after omitting the same problematic item that had surfaced in the preceding studies – a one-dimensional factor pattern provided equally satisfactory fit for the three samples. Original value: Although we had not set out to test a priori hypotheses regarding mean similarities or differences in relational wellbeing among our COVID-Lockdown-Era studies, results of an analysis of variance revealed that persons within the UK scored significantly lower in relational wellbeing than did persons in India or the UK. Limitations: As noted above, one particular item repeatedly performed poorly in factor analyses; this item ideally should be dropped from the relational wellbeing scale in future research. |
URI: | https://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/28827 |
DOI: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1342991 |
Other Identifiers: | ORCiD: Stanley O. Gaines https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4937-6485 ORCiD: Pauldy Otermans https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8495-348X |
Appears in Collections: | Dept of Life Sciences Embargoed Research Papers |
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