Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/27105
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dc.contributor.authorSuwan, T-
dc.contributor.authorWong, HS-
dc.contributor.authorFan, M-
dc.contributor.authorJitsangiam, P-
dc.contributor.authorThongchua, H-
dc.contributor.authorChindaprasirt, P-
dc.date.accessioned2023-09-01T10:46:38Z-
dc.date.available2023-09-01T10:46:38Z-
dc.date.issued2023-08-26-
dc.identifierORCID iDs: Teewara Suwan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7313-2950; Mizi Fan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6609-3110.-
dc.identifiere02427-
dc.identifier.citationSuwan, T. (2023) 'Laboratory-grade vs. industrial-grade NaOH as alkaline activator: The properties of coal fly ash based-alkaline activated material for construction', Case Studies in Construction Materials, 19, e02427, pp. 1 - 14. doi: 10.1016/j.cscm.2023.e02427.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/27105-
dc.descriptionCase study.en_US
dc.descriptionData Availability: Data will be made available on request.-
dc.description.abstractCopyright © 2023 The Author(s). Alkaline-activated materials (AAM) are potentially low-carbon alternative binders for the cement industry. Most research studies related to AAM have been performed with high-purity laboratory-grade NaOH alkaline activators (Lab-grade). Gaining confidence in AAM beyond the laboratory scale in real applications remains a major challenge. To make this prospect more realistic, the viability of low-purity industrial-grade (Ind.-grade) and local no-grade alkaline activators was investigated. The strength results of Ind.-grade AAM were 15–20% lower than those of Lab-grade AAM. The purity of the Ind.-grade activator should be at least 98% to achieve the performance of Lab-grade AAM. The production cost of Ind.-grade AAM was 75–85% lower than that of Lab-grade AAM at the same activator concentration. It should be noted that the use of no-grade NaOH is not recommended for engineering purposes due to its uncertain quality and low purity. The combined benefits of low cost and high availability of Ind.-grade activators are expected to enhance the commercial viability of AAM as a sustainable alternative construction material for field applications.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work (grant no. RGNS 63–078) was supported by the Office of the Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation (OPS MHESI), Thailand Science Research and Innovation (TSRI). Furthermore, this research work was partially supported by Chiang Mai University. The authors would like to express gratitude to the Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University (CMU), for providing equipment and facilities, as well as Mr. Witthawat Moonnee (M.Eng) who was working hard on this project. Special thanks to the cooperation of Brunel University London, UK and Imperial College London, UK. The last author would also like to acknowledge the support from the Research and Graduate Studies, Khon Kaen University.en_US
dc.format.extent1 - 14-
dc.format.mediumElectronic-
dc.languageEnglish-
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.rightsCopyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).-
dc.rightsCopyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).-
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/-
dc.subjectalkaline-activated materialen_US
dc.subjectindustrial-grade activatoren_US
dc.subjectlaboratory-grade activatoren_US
dc.subjectproduction costen_US
dc.subjectproperties and microstructureen_US
dc.titleLaboratory-grade vs. industrial-grade NaOH as alkaline activator: The properties of coal fly ash based-alkaline activated material for constructionen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2023.e02427-
dc.relation.isPartOfCase Studies in Construction Materials-
pubs.publication-statusPublished online-
pubs.volume19-
dc.identifier.eissn2214-5095-
dc.rights.holderThe Author(s)-
dc.rights.holderThe Author(s)-
Appears in Collections:Dept of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research Papers

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