Improving actionable observability of large distribution networks for transmission operators to support improved system control, fault detection and mitigation

Abstract

Copyright © 2017 The Author(s). The widespread introduction of phasor measurement unit (PMUs) in transmission networks is well understood and has improved visibility enhancing grid stability and avoiding low probability events such as blackouts. For many transmission system operators, there is little-to-no visibility of the real-time state of distribution networks beyond the grid supply points. With the increased penetration of distributed energy resources on low- and medium-voltage networks of the state, and thus behaviour, of the distribution network cannot be assumed to follow historical patterns. The future transition to distribution system operator concept requires better visibility, especially around grid supply points, for deploying wide-area control strategies and active network management schemes. This implies active sharing of data between transmission and distribution monitoring systems. There are a number of challenges in extending the use of PMUs to distribution networks. Many of the lessons and best practises at transmission do not translate to the operation of distribution networks, as an exponential increase in network complexity makes it infeasible to perform complex analysis of the complete network model in real time. This paper presents a methodology for addressing the problems faced in deploying microPMUs at the distribution level.