BURA Collection: HERG's strategic focus is on the economic evaluation of a broad range of clinical and health service technologies and its dual aim is to provide applied, policy-relevant research whilst developing and refining methods to increase the rigour and relevance of such studies.
HERG's strategic focus is on the economic evaluation of a broad range of clinical and health service technologies and its dual aim is to provide applied, policy-relevant research whilst developing and refining methods to increase the rigour and relevance of such studies.
http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/156
2024-03-15T19:37:40Z
2024-03-15T19:37:40Z
The role of economic modelling in informing the allocation of scarce resources through health technology and health research impact assessment: a critical review
Glover, Matthew Jonathan
http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/26246
2023-04-07T10:47:22Z
2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Title: The role of economic modelling in informing the allocation of scarce resources through health technology and health research impact assessment: a critical review
Authors: Glover, Matthew Jonathan
Abstract: Over the last 30 years, economic evaluation has increasingly been used as a tool to inform the
allocation of scarce healthcare resources. For an economic evaluation of healthcare
interventions to inform optimal decisions, it is often necessary to understand the effects and
costs of an intervention across the lifetime of a patient. In the absence of primary data to
inform this, economic models are required to extrapolate beyond observed data, collate best
available evidence from disparate sources and conduct experiments that could not be
performed in a real-life setting.
As well as allocating resources to the provision of existing interventions, public monies
help conduct medical research into potential new interventions that may deliver future health
benefits. Given the opportunity cost of investing in research into new interventions, over the
provision of existing interventions, policymakers and funders have shown interest in
understanding the economic value, or impact, of publicly funded medical research. Based on
logic models developed in the research impact literature, the outputs of economic evaluations
can be used in models to assess the return on investment from bodies of medical research.
This thesis presents a critical review alongside a portfolio of seven published works
concerned with assessing the value of: (a) healthcare interventions; and (b) funding health
research. Chapter 1 presents background to contextualise the works and outline the central
themes. Chapter 2 explores the overarching methods and contribution to knowledge and
Chapter 3 assesses the impact of the portfolio.
The critical review demonstrates the extensive role the methods developed for health
technology assessment can play in research impact assessment and the remaining boundaries
and challenges. Self-reflection on the contribution to knowledge and impact of the works,
combined with formal bibliometric techniques suggest the work has made significant
contribution and had identifiable impact across targeting of future research (by centrality or
significant contribution to other research), influencing policy (including clinical guidelines),
and potential impact on health outcomes (through implemented interventions).
Description: This thesis was submitted for the award of Doctor of Philosophy and was awarded by Brunel University London
2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Saving millions of lives but some resources squandered: emerging lessons from health research system pandemic achievements and challenges
Hanney, SR
Straus, SE
Holmes, BJ
http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/25215
2022-09-17T02:01:32Z
2022-09-10T00:00:00Z
Title: Saving millions of lives but some resources squandered: emerging lessons from health research system pandemic achievements and challenges
Authors: Hanney, SR; Straus, SE; Holmes, BJ
Abstract: Copyright © The Author(s) 2022. During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, astonishingly rapid research averted millions of deaths worldwide through new vaccines and repurposed and new drugs. Evidence use informed life-saving national policies including non-pharmaceutical interventions. Simultaneously, there was unprecedented waste, with many underpowered trials on the same drugs. We identified lessons from COVID-19 research responses by applying WHO’s framework for research systems. It has four functions—governance, securing finance, capacity-building, and production and use of research—and nine components. Two linked questions focused the analysis. First, to what extent have achievements in knowledge production and evidence use built on existing structures and capacity in national health research systems? Second, did the features of such systems mitigate waste? We collated evidence on seven countries, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Germany, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States, to identify examples of achievements and challenges.
We used the data to develop lessons for each framework component. Research coordination, prioritization and expedited ethics approval contributed to rapid identification of new therapies, including dexamethasone in the United Kingdom and Brazil. Accelerated vaccines depended on extensive funding, especially through the Operation Warp Speed initiative in the United States, and new platforms created through long-term biomedical research capacity in the United Kingdom and, for messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccines, in Canada, Germany and the United States. Research capacity embedded in the United Kingdom’s healthcare system resulted in trial acceleration and waste avoidance. Faster publication of research saved lives, but raised challenges. Public/private collaborations made major contributions to vastly accelerating new products, available worldwide, though unequally. Effective developments of living (i.e. regularly updated) reviews and guidelines, especially in Australia and Canada, extended existing expertise in meeting users’ needs. Despite complexities, effective national policy responses (less evident in Brazil, the United Kingdom and the United States) also saved lives by drawing on health research system features, including collaboration among politicians, civil servants and researchers; good communications; and willingness to use evidence. Comprehensive health research strategies contributed to success in research production in the United Kingdom and in evidence use by political leadership in New Zealand. In addition to waste, challenges included equity issues, public involvement and non-COVID research. We developed recommendations, but advocate studies of further countries.
Description: Availability of data and materials: Not applicable for this opinion paper, but the Additional files contain a collation and account of many of the sources used.
2022-09-10T00:00:00Z
Economic returns to medical research funding
Grant, J
Buxton, MJ
http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/24158
2022-02-21T03:01:27Z
2018-09-10T00:00:00Z
Title: Economic returns to medical research funding
Authors: Grant, J; Buxton, MJ
Abstract: Copyright © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2018. Following the publication of the final paper in a planned series of four studies estimating the economic returns from biomedical and health research, we reflect on what we have learnt from these types of assessment.
2018-09-10T00:00:00Z
A systems approach for optimizing implementation to impact: meeting report and proceedings of the 2019 In the Trenches: Implementation to Impact International Summit
Hanney, SR
Ovseiko, PV
Graham, KER
Chorzempa, H
Miciak, M
http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/23596
2021-11-24T03:03:36Z
2020-07-24T00:00:00Z
Title: A systems approach for optimizing implementation to impact: meeting report and proceedings of the 2019 In the Trenches: Implementation to Impact International Summit
Authors: Hanney, SR; Ovseiko, PV; Graham, KER; Chorzempa, H; Miciak, M
Abstract: Background
The In the Trenches series of cutting-edge knowledge sharing events on impact for front-line experts and practitioners provides an engagement platform for diverse stakeholders across government, research funding organizations, industry, and academia to share emerging knowledge and practical experiences. The second event of the series In the Trenches: Implementation to Impact International Summit was held in Banff, Alberta, Canada, on June 7–8, 2019. The overarching vision for the Summit was to create an engagement platform for addressing key challenges and finding practical solutions to move from implementation (i.e. putting findings into effect) to impact (i.e. creating benefits to society and the economy).
Processes and proceedings
The Summit used diverse approaches to facilitate active engagement and knowledge sharing between 80 delegates across sectors and jurisdictions. Summit sessions mostly consisted of short talks and moderated panels grouped into eight thematic sessions. Each presentation included a summary of Key Messages, along with a summary of the Actionable Insights which concluded each session. The presentations and discussions are analysed, synthesized and described in this proceedings paper using a systems approach. This demonstrates how the Summit focused on each of the necessary functions (and associated components) that should be undertaken, and combined, for effective research and innovation: stewardship and governance, securing finance, creating capacity, and producing and using research. The approach also identifies relevant challenges.
Conclusions
There is increased interest globally in the benefits that can accrue from adopting a systems approach to research and innovation. Various organizations in Canada and internationally have made considerable progress on Implementation to Impact, often as a result of well-planned initiatives. The Summit highlights the value of 1) collaboration between researchers and potential users, and 2) the adoption by funders of approaches involving an increasing range of responsibilities and activities. The Summit website (https://inthetrenchessummit.com/) will be periodically updated with new resources and information about future In the Trenches events.
2020-07-24T00:00:00Z